The Psychology of Violent Extremism

Presentation by Associate Professor Milan Obaidi, Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen.

Abstract

Why do some people turn to violent extremism while others, in the same conditions, do not? This talk explores how violent extremism emerges not from a single cause – like mental illness or poverty – but from a combination of social pressures, how people interpret their experiences, and individual psychological differences. Drawing on classic and contemporary research, I show how certain individuals are more vulnerable to extremist messages, especially when they feel excluded, disrespected, or unfairly treated. While many theories focus solely on group dynamics or external influences, I argue – and provide empirical evidence – that we must also consider who the individual is. For example, people who tend to be emotionally detached, have little concern for others, think rigidly, crave recognition, power, and status, or have a strong need for cognitive closure – that is, discomfort with uncertainty and a desire for quick, clear-cut answers – may be more likely to adopt extremist views, particularly when extremist groups offer a sense of belonging, purpose, or revenge. I also highlight how extremist groups don’t recruit randomly. They often attract individuals with these psychological tendencies, and these tendencies interact with the social and ideological context to increase the likelihood of radicalization. Combining insights about personality, social environments, and how people make sense of their experiences, this talk presents a new, integrated model that helps explain why some individuals radicalize while others do not – even when facing the same conditions. It challenges oversimplified explanations and invites a more nuanced understanding of one of today’s most pressing social issues.

Registration

Please email Charlie Krautwald or Juliane Engelhardt to register for the event.