The effect of daily protein supplementation, with or without resistance training for 1 year, on muscle size, strength, and function in healthy older adults: A randomized controlled trial

Research output: Contribution to journalJournal articlepeer-review

Standard

The effect of daily protein supplementation, with or without resistance training for 1 year, on muscle size, strength, and function in healthy older adults : A randomized controlled trial. / Mertz, Kenneth Hudlebusch; Reitelseder, Søren; Bechshøft, Rasmus; Bülow, Jacob; Højfeldt, Grith; Jensen, Mikkel; Schacht, Simon Rønnow; Lind, Mads Vendelbo; Rasmussen, Morten Arendt; Mikkelsen, Ulla R; Tetens, Inge; Engelsen, Søren Balling; Nielsen, Dennis Sandris; Jespersen, Astrid Pernille; Holm, Lars.

In: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Vol. 113, No. 4, 2021, p. 790-800.

Research output: Contribution to journalJournal articlepeer-review

Harvard

Mertz, KH, Reitelseder, S, Bechshøft, R, Bülow, J, Højfeldt, G, Jensen, M, Schacht, SR, Lind, MV, Rasmussen, MA, Mikkelsen, UR, Tetens, I, Engelsen, SB, Nielsen, DS, Jespersen, AP & Holm, L 2021, 'The effect of daily protein supplementation, with or without resistance training for 1 year, on muscle size, strength, and function in healthy older adults: A randomized controlled trial', American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, vol. 113, no. 4, pp. 790-800. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/nqaa372

APA

Mertz, K. H., Reitelseder, S., Bechshøft, R., Bülow, J., Højfeldt, G., Jensen, M., Schacht, S. R., Lind, M. V., Rasmussen, M. A., Mikkelsen, U. R., Tetens, I., Engelsen, S. B., Nielsen, D. S., Jespersen, A. P., & Holm, L. (2021). The effect of daily protein supplementation, with or without resistance training for 1 year, on muscle size, strength, and function in healthy older adults: A randomized controlled trial. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 113(4), 790-800. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/nqaa372

Vancouver

Mertz KH, Reitelseder S, Bechshøft R, Bülow J, Højfeldt G, Jensen M et al. The effect of daily protein supplementation, with or without resistance training for 1 year, on muscle size, strength, and function in healthy older adults: A randomized controlled trial. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 2021;113(4):790-800. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/nqaa372

Author

Mertz, Kenneth Hudlebusch ; Reitelseder, Søren ; Bechshøft, Rasmus ; Bülow, Jacob ; Højfeldt, Grith ; Jensen, Mikkel ; Schacht, Simon Rønnow ; Lind, Mads Vendelbo ; Rasmussen, Morten Arendt ; Mikkelsen, Ulla R ; Tetens, Inge ; Engelsen, Søren Balling ; Nielsen, Dennis Sandris ; Jespersen, Astrid Pernille ; Holm, Lars. / The effect of daily protein supplementation, with or without resistance training for 1 year, on muscle size, strength, and function in healthy older adults : A randomized controlled trial. In: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 2021 ; Vol. 113, No. 4. pp. 790-800.

Bibtex

@article{d682aaf7d70c45409961a83a6ce919a9,
title = "The effect of daily protein supplementation, with or without resistance training for 1 year, on muscle size, strength, and function in healthy older adults: A randomized controlled trial",
abstract = "Background: Protein supplementation alone or combined with resistance training has been proposed to be effective in counteracting age-related losses of muscle mass and strength.Objectives: To investigate the effect of protein supplementation alone or combined with light-intensity or heavy-load resistance exercise on muscle size, strength, and function in older adults.Methods: In a 1-y randomized controlled trial, 208 healthy older adults (>65 y) were randomly assigned to 1 of 5 interventions: 1) carbohydrate supplementation (CARB); 2) collagen protein supplementation (COLL); 3) whey protein supplementation (WHEY); 4) light-intensity resistance training 3-5 times/wk with whey protein supplementation (LITW); and 5) heavy resistance training 3 times weekly with whey protein supplementation (HRTW). Protein supplements contained 20 g protein + 10 g carbohydrate, whereas CARB contained 30 g of carbohydrates. All intervention groups received the supplement twice daily. The primary outcome was change in the quadriceps cross-sectional area (qCSA). Secondary outcomes included measures of lower extremity strength and power, functional capabilities, and body composition.Results: There were 184 participants who completed the study. COLL and WHEY did not affect any measured parameter compared to CARB. Compared to WHEY, HRTW improved the qCSA size (between-group difference, +1.68 cm2; 95% CI, +0.41 to +2.95 cm2; P = 0.03), as well as dynamic (+18.4 Nm; 95% CI, +10.1 to +26.6 Nm; P < 10-4) and isometric knee extensor strength (+23.9 Nm; 95% CI, +14.2 to +33.6 Nm; P < 10-5). LITW did not improve the qCSA size, but increased dynamic knee extensor strength compared to WHEY (+13.7 Nm; 95% CI, +5.3 and +22.1 Nm; P = 0.01).Conclusions: Recommending protein supplementation as a stand-alone intervention for healthy older individuals seems ineffective in improving muscle mass and strength. Only HRTW was effective in both preserving muscle mass and increasing strength. Thus, we recommend that future studies investigate strategies to increase long-term compliance to heavy resistance exercise in healthy older adults. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02034760.",
keywords = "Faculty of Science, Protein supplementation, Ageing, Skeletal muscle, Resistance training, Randomized controlled trials, Exercise",
author = "Mertz, {Kenneth Hudlebusch} and S{\o}ren Reitelseder and Rasmus Bechsh{\o}ft and Jacob B{\"u}low and Grith H{\o}jfeldt and Mikkel Jensen and Schacht, {Simon R{\o}nnow} and Lind, {Mads Vendelbo} and Rasmussen, {Morten Arendt} and Mikkelsen, {Ulla R} and Inge Tetens and Engelsen, {S{\o}ren Balling} and Nielsen, {Dennis Sandris} and Jespersen, {Astrid Pernille} and Lars Holm",
note = "{\textcopyright} The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the American Society for Nutrition.",
year = "2021",
doi = "10.1093/ajcn/nqaa372",
language = "English",
volume = "113",
pages = "790--800",
journal = "American Journal of Clinical Nutrition",
issn = "0002-9165",
publisher = "American Society for Nutrition",
number = "4",

}

RIS

TY - JOUR

T1 - The effect of daily protein supplementation, with or without resistance training for 1 year, on muscle size, strength, and function in healthy older adults

T2 - A randomized controlled trial

AU - Mertz, Kenneth Hudlebusch

AU - Reitelseder, Søren

AU - Bechshøft, Rasmus

AU - Bülow, Jacob

AU - Højfeldt, Grith

AU - Jensen, Mikkel

AU - Schacht, Simon Rønnow

AU - Lind, Mads Vendelbo

AU - Rasmussen, Morten Arendt

AU - Mikkelsen, Ulla R

AU - Tetens, Inge

AU - Engelsen, Søren Balling

AU - Nielsen, Dennis Sandris

AU - Jespersen, Astrid Pernille

AU - Holm, Lars

N1 - © The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the American Society for Nutrition.

PY - 2021

Y1 - 2021

N2 - Background: Protein supplementation alone or combined with resistance training has been proposed to be effective in counteracting age-related losses of muscle mass and strength.Objectives: To investigate the effect of protein supplementation alone or combined with light-intensity or heavy-load resistance exercise on muscle size, strength, and function in older adults.Methods: In a 1-y randomized controlled trial, 208 healthy older adults (>65 y) were randomly assigned to 1 of 5 interventions: 1) carbohydrate supplementation (CARB); 2) collagen protein supplementation (COLL); 3) whey protein supplementation (WHEY); 4) light-intensity resistance training 3-5 times/wk with whey protein supplementation (LITW); and 5) heavy resistance training 3 times weekly with whey protein supplementation (HRTW). Protein supplements contained 20 g protein + 10 g carbohydrate, whereas CARB contained 30 g of carbohydrates. All intervention groups received the supplement twice daily. The primary outcome was change in the quadriceps cross-sectional area (qCSA). Secondary outcomes included measures of lower extremity strength and power, functional capabilities, and body composition.Results: There were 184 participants who completed the study. COLL and WHEY did not affect any measured parameter compared to CARB. Compared to WHEY, HRTW improved the qCSA size (between-group difference, +1.68 cm2; 95% CI, +0.41 to +2.95 cm2; P = 0.03), as well as dynamic (+18.4 Nm; 95% CI, +10.1 to +26.6 Nm; P < 10-4) and isometric knee extensor strength (+23.9 Nm; 95% CI, +14.2 to +33.6 Nm; P < 10-5). LITW did not improve the qCSA size, but increased dynamic knee extensor strength compared to WHEY (+13.7 Nm; 95% CI, +5.3 and +22.1 Nm; P = 0.01).Conclusions: Recommending protein supplementation as a stand-alone intervention for healthy older individuals seems ineffective in improving muscle mass and strength. Only HRTW was effective in both preserving muscle mass and increasing strength. Thus, we recommend that future studies investigate strategies to increase long-term compliance to heavy resistance exercise in healthy older adults. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02034760.

AB - Background: Protein supplementation alone or combined with resistance training has been proposed to be effective in counteracting age-related losses of muscle mass and strength.Objectives: To investigate the effect of protein supplementation alone or combined with light-intensity or heavy-load resistance exercise on muscle size, strength, and function in older adults.Methods: In a 1-y randomized controlled trial, 208 healthy older adults (>65 y) were randomly assigned to 1 of 5 interventions: 1) carbohydrate supplementation (CARB); 2) collagen protein supplementation (COLL); 3) whey protein supplementation (WHEY); 4) light-intensity resistance training 3-5 times/wk with whey protein supplementation (LITW); and 5) heavy resistance training 3 times weekly with whey protein supplementation (HRTW). Protein supplements contained 20 g protein + 10 g carbohydrate, whereas CARB contained 30 g of carbohydrates. All intervention groups received the supplement twice daily. The primary outcome was change in the quadriceps cross-sectional area (qCSA). Secondary outcomes included measures of lower extremity strength and power, functional capabilities, and body composition.Results: There were 184 participants who completed the study. COLL and WHEY did not affect any measured parameter compared to CARB. Compared to WHEY, HRTW improved the qCSA size (between-group difference, +1.68 cm2; 95% CI, +0.41 to +2.95 cm2; P = 0.03), as well as dynamic (+18.4 Nm; 95% CI, +10.1 to +26.6 Nm; P < 10-4) and isometric knee extensor strength (+23.9 Nm; 95% CI, +14.2 to +33.6 Nm; P < 10-5). LITW did not improve the qCSA size, but increased dynamic knee extensor strength compared to WHEY (+13.7 Nm; 95% CI, +5.3 and +22.1 Nm; P = 0.01).Conclusions: Recommending protein supplementation as a stand-alone intervention for healthy older individuals seems ineffective in improving muscle mass and strength. Only HRTW was effective in both preserving muscle mass and increasing strength. Thus, we recommend that future studies investigate strategies to increase long-term compliance to heavy resistance exercise in healthy older adults. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02034760.

KW - Faculty of Science

KW - Protein supplementation

KW - Ageing

KW - Skeletal muscle

KW - Resistance training

KW - Randomized controlled trials

KW - Exercise

U2 - 10.1093/ajcn/nqaa372

DO - 10.1093/ajcn/nqaa372

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 33564844

VL - 113

SP - 790

EP - 800

JO - American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

JF - American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

SN - 0002-9165

IS - 4

ER -

ID: 256716834