Animal-based food choice and associations with long-term weight maintenance and metabolic health after a large and rapid weight loss: The PREVIEW study

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Documents

  • Zhu, Ruixin
  • Mikael Fogelholm
  • Elli Jalo
  • Sally D Poppitt
  • Marta P Silvestre
  • Grith Møller
  • Maija Huttunen-Lenz
  • Gareth Stratton
  • Jouko Sundvall
  • Ian A Macdonald
  • Teodora Handjieva-Darlenska
  • Svetoslav Handjiev
  • Santiago Navas-Carretero
  • J Alfredo Martinez
  • Roslyn Muirhead
  • Jennie Brand-Miller
  • Raben, Anne
Background & aims: Low-energy diet replacement is an effective tool to induce large and rapid weight loss and improve metabolic health, but in the long-term individuals often experience significant weight regain. Little is known about the role of animal-based foods in weight maintenance and metabolic health. We aimed to examine longitudinal associations of animal-based foods with weight maintenance and glycaemic and cardiometabolic risk factors. We also modelled replacement of processed meat with other high-protein foods.
Methods: In this secondary analysis, longitudinal data were analysed from 688 adults (26e70 years) with overweight and prediabetes after 8-week low-energy diet-induced weight loss (≥8% of initial body weight) in a 3-year, multi-centre, diabetes prevention study (PREVIEW). Animal-based food consumption, including unprocessed red meat, processed red meat, poultry, dairy products, fish and seafood, and eggs, was repeatedly assessed using 4-day food records. Multi-adjusted linear mixed models and isoenergetic substitution models were used to examine the potential associations.
Results: The available-case analysis showed that each 10-g increment in processed meat, but not total meat, unprocessed red meat, poultry, dairy products, or eggs, was positively associated with weight regain (0.17 kg year-1
, 95% CI 0.10, 0.25, P < 0.001) and increments in waist circumference, HbA1c, and triacylglycerols. The associations of processed meat with HbA1c or triacylglycerols disappeared when adjusted for weight change. Fish and seafood consumption was inversely associated with triacylglycerols.
Original languageEnglish
JournalClinical Nutrition
Volume41
Issue number4
Pages (from-to)817-828
Number of pages12
ISSN0261-5614
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 2022

    Research areas

  • Faculty of Science - Cardiovascular disease, Obesity, Poultry, Red meat, Processed meat, Type 2 diabetes

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