Adherence to a plant-based diet and consumption of specific plant foods - associations with 3-year weight-loss maintenance and cardiometabolic risk factors: A secondary analysis of the PREVIEW intervention study
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Adherence to a plant-based diet and consumption of specific plant foods - associations with 3-year weight-loss maintenance and cardiometabolic risk factors: A secondary analysis of the PREVIEW intervention study. / Zhu, Ruixin; Fogelholm, Mikael; Poppitt, Sally D; Silvestre, Marta P; Møller, Grith; Huttunen-Lenz, Maija; Stratton, Gareth; Sundvall, Jouko; Råman, Laura; Jalo, Elli; Taylor, Moira A; Macdonald, Ian A; Handjiev, Svetoslav; Handjieva-Darlenska, Teodora; Alfredo Martinez, J; Muirhead, Roslyn; Brand-Miller, Jennie; Raben, Anne.
In: Nutrients, Vol. 13, No. 11, 3916, 2021.Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › Research › peer-review
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T1 - Adherence to a plant-based diet and consumption of specific plant foods - associations with 3-year weight-loss maintenance and cardiometabolic risk factors: A secondary analysis of the PREVIEW intervention study
AU - Zhu, Ruixin
AU - Fogelholm, Mikael
AU - Poppitt, Sally D
AU - Silvestre, Marta P
AU - Møller, Grith
AU - Huttunen-Lenz, Maija
AU - Stratton, Gareth
AU - Sundvall, Jouko
AU - Råman, Laura
AU - Jalo, Elli
AU - Taylor, Moira A
AU - Macdonald, Ian A
AU - Handjiev, Svetoslav
AU - Handjieva-Darlenska, Teodora
AU - Alfredo Martinez, J
AU - Muirhead, Roslyn
AU - Brand-Miller, Jennie
AU - Raben, Anne
N1 - CURIS 2021 NEXS 332
PY - 2021
Y1 - 2021
N2 - Plant-based diets are recommended by dietary guidelines. This secondary analysis aimed to assess longitudinal associations of an overall plant-based diet and specific plant foods with weight-loss maintenance and cardiometabolic risk factors. Longitudinal data on 710 participants (aged 26–70 years) with overweight or obesity and pre-diabetes from the 3-year weight-loss maintenance phase of the PREVIEW intervention were analyzed. Adherence to an overall plant-based diet was evaluated using a novel plant-based diet index, where all plant-based foods received positive scores and all animal-based foods received negative scores. After adjustment for potential confounders, linear mixed models with repeated measures showed that the plant-based diet index was inversely associated with weight regain, but not with cardiometabolic risk factors. Nut intake was inversely associated with regain of weight and fat mass and increments in total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol. Fruit intake was inversely associated with increments in diastolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, and LDL cholesterol. Vegetable intake was inversely associated with an increment in diastolic blood pressure and triglycerides and was positively associated with an increase in HDL cholesterol. All reported associations with cardiometabolic risk factors were independent of weight change. Long-term consumption of nuts, fruits, and vegetables may be beneficial for weight management and cardiometabolic health, whereas an overall plant-based diet may improve weight management only.
AB - Plant-based diets are recommended by dietary guidelines. This secondary analysis aimed to assess longitudinal associations of an overall plant-based diet and specific plant foods with weight-loss maintenance and cardiometabolic risk factors. Longitudinal data on 710 participants (aged 26–70 years) with overweight or obesity and pre-diabetes from the 3-year weight-loss maintenance phase of the PREVIEW intervention were analyzed. Adherence to an overall plant-based diet was evaluated using a novel plant-based diet index, where all plant-based foods received positive scores and all animal-based foods received negative scores. After adjustment for potential confounders, linear mixed models with repeated measures showed that the plant-based diet index was inversely associated with weight regain, but not with cardiometabolic risk factors. Nut intake was inversely associated with regain of weight and fat mass and increments in total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol. Fruit intake was inversely associated with increments in diastolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, and LDL cholesterol. Vegetable intake was inversely associated with an increment in diastolic blood pressure and triglycerides and was positively associated with an increase in HDL cholesterol. All reported associations with cardiometabolic risk factors were independent of weight change. Long-term consumption of nuts, fruits, and vegetables may be beneficial for weight management and cardiometabolic health, whereas an overall plant-based diet may improve weight management only.
KW - Faculty of Science
KW - Plant-based dietary patterns
KW - Grains
KW - Legumes
KW - Nuts
KW - Fruits
KW - Vegetables
KW - Obesity
KW - Cardiovascular disease
U2 - 10.3390/nu13113916
DO - 10.3390/nu13113916
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 34836170
VL - 13
JO - Nutrients
JF - Nutrients
SN - 2072-6643
IS - 11
M1 - 3916
ER -
ID: 283134321