A high-protein, low glycemic index diet suppresses hunger but not weight regain after weight loss: Results from a large, 3-years randomized trial (PREVIEW)

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A high-protein, low glycemic index diet suppresses hunger but not weight regain after weight loss: Results from a large, 3-years randomized trial (PREVIEW). / Zhu, Ruixin; Fogelholm, Mikael; Larsen, Thomas Meinert; Poppitt, Sally D; Silvestre, Marta P; Vestentoft, Pia Siig; Jalo, Elli; Navas-Carretero, Santiago; Huttunen-Lenz, Maija; Taylor, Moira A; Stratton, Gareth; Swindell, Nils; Kaartinen, Niina E; Lam, Tony; Handjieva-Darlenska, Teodora; Handjiev, Svetoslav; Schlicht, Wolfgang; Martinez, J Alfredo; Seimon, Radhika V; Sainsbury, Amanda; Macdonald, Ian A; Westerterp-Plantenga, Margriet S; Brand-Miller, Jennie; Raben, Anne.

In: Frontiers in Nutrition, Vol. 8, 685648, 2021.

Research output: Contribution to journalJournal articlepeer-review

Harvard

Zhu, R, Fogelholm, M, Larsen, TM, Poppitt, SD, Silvestre, MP, Vestentoft, PS, Jalo, E, Navas-Carretero, S, Huttunen-Lenz, M, Taylor, MA, Stratton, G, Swindell, N, Kaartinen, NE, Lam, T, Handjieva-Darlenska, T, Handjiev, S, Schlicht, W, Martinez, JA, Seimon, RV, Sainsbury, A, Macdonald, IA, Westerterp-Plantenga, MS, Brand-Miller, J & Raben, A 2021, 'A high-protein, low glycemic index diet suppresses hunger but not weight regain after weight loss: Results from a large, 3-years randomized trial (PREVIEW)', Frontiers in Nutrition, vol. 8, 685648. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2021.685648

APA

Zhu, R., Fogelholm, M., Larsen, T. M., Poppitt, S. D., Silvestre, M. P., Vestentoft, P. S., Jalo, E., Navas-Carretero, S., Huttunen-Lenz, M., Taylor, M. A., Stratton, G., Swindell, N., Kaartinen, N. E., Lam, T., Handjieva-Darlenska, T., Handjiev, S., Schlicht, W., Martinez, J. A., Seimon, R. V., ... Raben, A. (2021). A high-protein, low glycemic index diet suppresses hunger but not weight regain after weight loss: Results from a large, 3-years randomized trial (PREVIEW). Frontiers in Nutrition, 8, [685648]. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2021.685648

Vancouver

Zhu R, Fogelholm M, Larsen TM, Poppitt SD, Silvestre MP, Vestentoft PS et al. A high-protein, low glycemic index diet suppresses hunger but not weight regain after weight loss: Results from a large, 3-years randomized trial (PREVIEW). Frontiers in Nutrition. 2021;8. 685648. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2021.685648

Author

Zhu, Ruixin ; Fogelholm, Mikael ; Larsen, Thomas Meinert ; Poppitt, Sally D ; Silvestre, Marta P ; Vestentoft, Pia Siig ; Jalo, Elli ; Navas-Carretero, Santiago ; Huttunen-Lenz, Maija ; Taylor, Moira A ; Stratton, Gareth ; Swindell, Nils ; Kaartinen, Niina E ; Lam, Tony ; Handjieva-Darlenska, Teodora ; Handjiev, Svetoslav ; Schlicht, Wolfgang ; Martinez, J Alfredo ; Seimon, Radhika V ; Sainsbury, Amanda ; Macdonald, Ian A ; Westerterp-Plantenga, Margriet S ; Brand-Miller, Jennie ; Raben, Anne. / A high-protein, low glycemic index diet suppresses hunger but not weight regain after weight loss: Results from a large, 3-years randomized trial (PREVIEW). In: Frontiers in Nutrition. 2021 ; Vol. 8.

Bibtex

@article{f61146da902e4c52805022e636890981,
title = "A high-protein, low glycemic index diet suppresses hunger but not weight regain after weight loss: Results from a large, 3-years randomized trial (PREVIEW)",
abstract = "Background: Previous studies have shown an increase in hunger during weight-loss maintenance (WLM) after diet-induced weight loss. Whether a combination of a higher protein, lower glycemic index (GI) diet and physical activity (PA) can counteract this change remains unclear. Aim: To compare the long-term effects of two diets [high protein (HP)-low GI vs.moderate protein (MP)-moderate GI] and two PA programs [high intensity (HI) vs.moderate intensity (MI)] on subjective appetite sensations during WLM after ≥8% weight loss (WL). Methods: Data derived from the 3-years PREVIEW randomized intervention study. An 8-weeks WL phase using a low-energy diet was followed by a 148-weeks randomized WLM phase. For the WLM phase, participants were assigned to one of the four groups: HP-MI, HP-HI, MP-MI, and MP-HI. Available data from 2,223 participants with overweight or obesity (68% women; BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2). Appetite sensations including satiety, hunger, desire to eat, and desire to eat something sweet during the two phases (at 0, 8 weeks and 26, 52, 104, and 156 weeks) were assessed based on the recall of feelings during the previous week using visual analogue scales. Differences in changes in appetite sensations from baseline between the groups were determined using linear mixed modelswith repeated measures.Results: There was no significant diet×PA interaction. From 52 weeks onwards,decreases in hunger were significantly greater in HP-low GI than MP-moderate GI (Ptime×diet = 0.018, Pdiet group = 0.021). Although there was no difference in weight regain between the diet groups (Ptime×diet = 0.630), hunger and satiety ratings correlated with changes in body weight at most timepoints. There were no significant differences in appetite sensations between the two PA groups. Decreases in hunger ratings were greater at 52 and 104 weeks in HP-HI vs. MP-HI, and greater at 104 and 156 weeks in HP-HI vs. MP-MI. Conclusions: This is the first long-term, large-scale randomized intervention to report that a HP-low GI diet was superior in preventing an increase in hunger, but not weight regain, during 3-years WLM compared with a MP-moderate GI diet. Similarly, HP-HI outperformed MP-HI in suppressing hunger. The role of exercise intensity requires further investigation. Clinical Trial Registration: www.ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier: NCT01777893.",
keywords = "Faculty of Science, Obesity, Pre-diabetes, Satiety, Desire to eat, Low-energy diet, Weight-loss maintenance",
author = "Ruixin Zhu and Mikael Fogelholm and Larsen, {Thomas Meinert} and Poppitt, {Sally D} and Silvestre, {Marta P} and Vestentoft, {Pia Siig} and Elli Jalo and Santiago Navas-Carretero and Maija Huttunen-Lenz and Taylor, {Moira A} and Gareth Stratton and Nils Swindell and Kaartinen, {Niina E} and Tony Lam and Teodora Handjieva-Darlenska and Svetoslav Handjiev and Wolfgang Schlicht and Martinez, {J Alfredo} and Seimon, {Radhika V} and Amanda Sainsbury and Macdonald, {Ian A} and Westerterp-Plantenga, {Margriet S} and Jennie Brand-Miller and Anne Raben",
note = "A correction to this publication has been published at: https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2021.736531",
year = "2021",
doi = "10.3389/fnut.2021.685648",
language = "English",
volume = "8",
journal = "Frontiers in Nutrition",
issn = "2296-861X",
publisher = "Frontiers",

}

RIS

TY - JOUR

T1 - A high-protein, low glycemic index diet suppresses hunger but not weight regain after weight loss: Results from a large, 3-years randomized trial (PREVIEW)

AU - Zhu, Ruixin

AU - Fogelholm, Mikael

AU - Larsen, Thomas Meinert

AU - Poppitt, Sally D

AU - Silvestre, Marta P

AU - Vestentoft, Pia Siig

AU - Jalo, Elli

AU - Navas-Carretero, Santiago

AU - Huttunen-Lenz, Maija

AU - Taylor, Moira A

AU - Stratton, Gareth

AU - Swindell, Nils

AU - Kaartinen, Niina E

AU - Lam, Tony

AU - Handjieva-Darlenska, Teodora

AU - Handjiev, Svetoslav

AU - Schlicht, Wolfgang

AU - Martinez, J Alfredo

AU - Seimon, Radhika V

AU - Sainsbury, Amanda

AU - Macdonald, Ian A

AU - Westerterp-Plantenga, Margriet S

AU - Brand-Miller, Jennie

AU - Raben, Anne

N1 - A correction to this publication has been published at: https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2021.736531

PY - 2021

Y1 - 2021

N2 - Background: Previous studies have shown an increase in hunger during weight-loss maintenance (WLM) after diet-induced weight loss. Whether a combination of a higher protein, lower glycemic index (GI) diet and physical activity (PA) can counteract this change remains unclear. Aim: To compare the long-term effects of two diets [high protein (HP)-low GI vs.moderate protein (MP)-moderate GI] and two PA programs [high intensity (HI) vs.moderate intensity (MI)] on subjective appetite sensations during WLM after ≥8% weight loss (WL). Methods: Data derived from the 3-years PREVIEW randomized intervention study. An 8-weeks WL phase using a low-energy diet was followed by a 148-weeks randomized WLM phase. For the WLM phase, participants were assigned to one of the four groups: HP-MI, HP-HI, MP-MI, and MP-HI. Available data from 2,223 participants with overweight or obesity (68% women; BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2). Appetite sensations including satiety, hunger, desire to eat, and desire to eat something sweet during the two phases (at 0, 8 weeks and 26, 52, 104, and 156 weeks) were assessed based on the recall of feelings during the previous week using visual analogue scales. Differences in changes in appetite sensations from baseline between the groups were determined using linear mixed modelswith repeated measures.Results: There was no significant diet×PA interaction. From 52 weeks onwards,decreases in hunger were significantly greater in HP-low GI than MP-moderate GI (Ptime×diet = 0.018, Pdiet group = 0.021). Although there was no difference in weight regain between the diet groups (Ptime×diet = 0.630), hunger and satiety ratings correlated with changes in body weight at most timepoints. There were no significant differences in appetite sensations between the two PA groups. Decreases in hunger ratings were greater at 52 and 104 weeks in HP-HI vs. MP-HI, and greater at 104 and 156 weeks in HP-HI vs. MP-MI. Conclusions: This is the first long-term, large-scale randomized intervention to report that a HP-low GI diet was superior in preventing an increase in hunger, but not weight regain, during 3-years WLM compared with a MP-moderate GI diet. Similarly, HP-HI outperformed MP-HI in suppressing hunger. The role of exercise intensity requires further investigation. Clinical Trial Registration: www.ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier: NCT01777893.

AB - Background: Previous studies have shown an increase in hunger during weight-loss maintenance (WLM) after diet-induced weight loss. Whether a combination of a higher protein, lower glycemic index (GI) diet and physical activity (PA) can counteract this change remains unclear. Aim: To compare the long-term effects of two diets [high protein (HP)-low GI vs.moderate protein (MP)-moderate GI] and two PA programs [high intensity (HI) vs.moderate intensity (MI)] on subjective appetite sensations during WLM after ≥8% weight loss (WL). Methods: Data derived from the 3-years PREVIEW randomized intervention study. An 8-weeks WL phase using a low-energy diet was followed by a 148-weeks randomized WLM phase. For the WLM phase, participants were assigned to one of the four groups: HP-MI, HP-HI, MP-MI, and MP-HI. Available data from 2,223 participants with overweight or obesity (68% women; BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2). Appetite sensations including satiety, hunger, desire to eat, and desire to eat something sweet during the two phases (at 0, 8 weeks and 26, 52, 104, and 156 weeks) were assessed based on the recall of feelings during the previous week using visual analogue scales. Differences in changes in appetite sensations from baseline between the groups were determined using linear mixed modelswith repeated measures.Results: There was no significant diet×PA interaction. From 52 weeks onwards,decreases in hunger were significantly greater in HP-low GI than MP-moderate GI (Ptime×diet = 0.018, Pdiet group = 0.021). Although there was no difference in weight regain between the diet groups (Ptime×diet = 0.630), hunger and satiety ratings correlated with changes in body weight at most timepoints. There were no significant differences in appetite sensations between the two PA groups. Decreases in hunger ratings were greater at 52 and 104 weeks in HP-HI vs. MP-HI, and greater at 104 and 156 weeks in HP-HI vs. MP-MI. Conclusions: This is the first long-term, large-scale randomized intervention to report that a HP-low GI diet was superior in preventing an increase in hunger, but not weight regain, during 3-years WLM compared with a MP-moderate GI diet. Similarly, HP-HI outperformed MP-HI in suppressing hunger. The role of exercise intensity requires further investigation. Clinical Trial Registration: www.ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier: NCT01777893.

KW - Faculty of Science

KW - Obesity

KW - Pre-diabetes

KW - Satiety

KW - Desire to eat

KW - Low-energy diet

KW - Weight-loss maintenance

U2 - 10.3389/fnut.2021.685648

DO - 10.3389/fnut.2021.685648

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 34141717

VL - 8

JO - Frontiers in Nutrition

JF - Frontiers in Nutrition

SN - 2296-861X

M1 - 685648

ER -

ID: 270666514